http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12226/6 Mon, 09 Nov 2026 19:37:04 GMT 2026-11-09T19:37:04Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12226/3612 The positivity effect reflects preserved perceptual sensitivity: a signal detection theory analysis of facial emotion recognition in ageing Ruiz García, Álvaro; Ellgring, Heiner; García Rodríguez, Beatriz Older adults typically show reduced recognition of negative facial emotions alongside relative preservation of happiness—the positivity effect. Whether this pattern reflects differences in perceptual sensitivity, response strategy, or both has not been tested with Signal Detection Theory (SDT). SDT decomposes performance into perceptual sensitivity (d′) and response criterion (c), allowing us to determine whether age-related changes operate at the perceptual or decisional level. Seventy-six older adults and sixty-four young adults completed a six-alternative forced-choice identification task with 24 computer-generated facial expressions spanning six basic emotions. Older adults showed markedly lower global sensitivity, confirmed by bootstrap. A significant Group × Emotion interaction qualified this main effect: the sensitivity deficit was substantially smaller for happiness than for all other emotions. Group differences in criterion were confined to sadness, anger and surprise and were largely accounted for by the coupling between c and d′ inherent to the task; for happiness, older adults showed a small, non-significant trend towards a more liberal criterion. Confusion analysis revealed that errors concentrated on emotion pairs sharing overlapping Action Units. These findings locate the positivity effect primarily at the level of early perceptual encoding, with at most a modest decisional contribution. Tue, 01 Dec 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12226/3612 2026-12-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12226/3611 Depression, not stroke, is associated with greater expressive suppression while emotion identification is preserved Ruiz García, Álvaro; Martínez Salio, Antonio; Ellgring, Heiner; García Rodríguez, Beatriz Introduction Stroke is followed both by frequent depression and by reported alterations in emotional processing, yet these are rarely examined jointly, leaving it unclear whether emotional disturbances reflect the lesion or the concurrent depression. We aimed to separate the contributions of depression and of mild right-hemisphere stroke to two distinct components of socioemotional functioning: habitual emotion regulation and facial emotion identification. Method Sixty adults were studied in a 2 × 2 design crossing Stroke (survivors of mild right-hemisphere ischemic stroke with complete functional recovery, modified Rankin Scale = 0, vs. stroke-free) and Depression (clinically diagnosed vs. absent). Habitual regulation was assessed with the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression) and identification with a six-emotion forced-choice task. Data were analyzed with factorial analyses of variance, with covariate-adjusted and non-parametric confirmation, and with a dimensional analysis relating depressive symptom severity to each outcome. Results Depression, not stroke, was the principal correlate of habitual regulation. Participants with depression reported greater expressive suppression than those without (F = 7.50, p = .008, partial η2 = .12; Cohen’s d = 0.74), independently of stroke and robust to adjustment for age and cognition. The parallel effect on reappraisal was directionally consistent but non-significant. Dimensionally, symptom severity correlated with suppression only. Facial emotion identification was preserved and did not differ across groups, with no Stroke × Depression interaction on any outcome. Stroke effects that were large in our earlier, less fully recovered sample were absent here. Conclusions In well-recovered right-hemisphere stroke, depressive status rather than the lesion was associated with greater habitual reliance on expressive suppression, whereas emotion identification was intact. When emotional difficulties arise in such patients, concurrent depression rather than the lesion may warrant primary clinical attention. Given the modest sample and absence of lesion imaging, findings are provisional and require severity-stratified, imaging-informed replication. Sun, 04 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12226/3611 2026-10-04T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12226/3609 La carga mental y la hiperconexión digital como riesgo psicosocial emergente Martín Rodríguez, Olaya El trabajo analiza la carga mental digital y la hiperconexión como riesgos psicosociales que hoy se sitúan en el centro del deber preventivo y de la ordenación del tiempo de trabajo. Partiendo del art. 40.2 CE y de la regulación del ET, se sostiene que la digitalización y el teletrabajo están desdibujando los límites tradicionales de jornada y descanso, con impacto sobre la salud. La LTD refuerza la exigencia de una protección equivalente a la presencial y proyecta íntegramente el deber de seguridad de la LPRL, obligando a evaluar y gestionar riesgos organizativos y psicosociales, no solo los ergonómicos. En el trabajo a distancia, la prevención se desplaza desde el control del espacio al análisis de la organización: ritmos de comunicación, tiempos de disponibilidad, presión de respuesta e interrupciones tecnológicas. La jurisprudencia reciente consolida una visión material de la evaluación psicosocial y vincula la desconexión digital con la tutela efectiva del descanso y la salud mental. Finalmente, se examinan las responsabilidades empresariales (administrativas, civiles e incluso penales) y se subraya la necesidad de integrar indicadores digitales en la evaluación y de adoptar medidas técnicas y organizativas, con un papel decisivo de la negociación colectiva. Thu, 01 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12226/3609 2026-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12226/3608 Efecto del uso de las redes sociales en la imagen corporal de las mujeres: una revisión sistemática Vilca Pérez, Mº Alejandra; Rabito-Alcón, María F. En la actualidad, existe una estrecha relación entre la imagen corporal y el uso de las redes sociales, particularmente durante la preadolescencia y la juventud. Se realizó una revisión sistemática utilizando las palabras clave: género, redes sociales e imagen corporal. Tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron 21 estudios. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo examinar cómo el uso constante de las redes sociales afecta de manera diferente a hombres y mujeres, destacando la presión que recae sobre ambos géneros. Las conclusiones revelan que el género es un factor clave en la manera en que las redes sociales afectan la imagen corporal y la insatisfacción corporal, siendo las mujeres las más afectadas en términos generales. Sin embargo, los hombres se ven más impactados en aspectos específicos como la masa muscular. Finalmente, se sugiere que estos factores pueden contribuir al desarrollo de trastornos alimentarios y otros problemas de salud relacionados. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12226/3608 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z